Part Used

Leaf

Systems

Immune

Actions

Antiseptic; antispasmodic; carminative; cholagogue; estrogenic; tonic

Traditional Uses

Used as a mouthwash or gargle for mouth/tongue/throat inflammations. A tonic for the nervous system and GIT. Indicated for menstrual irregularities, menopausal night-sweats, and to counteract the greying of hair. Applied topically to insect bites, wounds, and skin infections. ^1.

Part Used

Root

Systems

Endocrine; reproductive

Actions

Anti-inflammatory; anti-rheumatic; antispasmodic; diaphoretic; diuretic; expectorant; hepatic; hormone balancer

Traditional Uses

Indicated in inflammatory conditions of the gallbladder, GIT, joints, uterus and ovaries. Reduces inflammation and pain associated with smooth muscle spasms in intestinal cramping, dysmenorrhea, and ovarian cysts. Has specific use for acute phases of RA and will aid in all types of arthritis, joint/muscle pain, and neuralgias. Promotes the flow of bile. ^1. 2.

Part Used

Flower

Systems

Nervous

Actions

Analgesic; antiseptic; antispasmodic; aphrodisiac; sedative

Traditional Uses

Referred to in India, as the ‘flower of love’. Treats conjunctivitis, fevers, urinary inflammation, and infections. Helpful in relieving anxiety. Used therapeutically for heatstroke, sunstroke, and headaches. ^2.

Part Used

Leaves

Systems

Reproductive; nervous

Actions

Antidepressant; antimicrobial; aphrodisiac; digestive; laxative; mild purgative; nervine tonic & relaxant; reproductive organ tonic; stimulant; urinary antiseptic

Traditional Uses

An excellent nerve tonic especially in anxiety and/or depression, stress and a lowered sexual drive. Long and widespread use as an aphrodisiac and is most indicated in cases of anxiety or depression that have impotence or low sexual desire as a main manifestation. Effective for treatment of hormonal imbalances manifesting as premenstrual acne, dysmenorrhea, and headache. ^1. 2.

Part Used

Flower heads; ray florets

Systems

Skin; lymphatic; digestive

Actions

Anti-inflammatory; antimicrobial; anti-spasmodic; demulcent/emollient & vulnerary; emmenagogue; hemostatic; lymphatic; phytoestrogenic

Traditional Uses

One of the best herbs for treating local skin problems such as first aid treatment of minor burns and scalds with a lotion, poultice or compress. Indicated topically for athlete’s foot, ringworm, skin ulceration, eczema, acne, sore nipples, cradle cap, diaper rash, bruises, cuts, wounds, and sunburn. Used internally as an anti-inflammatory for the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Anti-microbial anti-fungal activity and may be used internally and externally to combat such infections. A helpful gargle for sore throats and gums due to infection with swollen glands. Stimulates the drainage of enlarged, inflamed lymph nodes – specifically the breast and pelvic tissues. Has a reputation of helping delayed menstruation and painful periods. ^1. 2.